Grammar

Slovak nouns belong to masculine, feminine, or neuter gender.

Six active cases change word endings according to their role.

Present-tense endings show who performs an action.

Use byť to say who or what someone is, and where someone or something is.

Use mať to say what you have and how old you are.

Slovak verbs mark whether an action is ongoing or completed — not just when it happens.

Numbers change the form that follows them, especially from five upward.

Slovak clock time looks ahead to the next hour, and the verb agrees with the number.

Slovak word order is flexible, but neutral sentences often follow subject–verb–object.

Use ty with one person informally and vy for formal address or more than one person.

Slovak usually makes a finite verb negative with ne-.

Use question words for information, or statement order with rising intonation for yes/no ques…